Since we will be working with many different Linux systems, we need to learn the structure and the information about the system, its processes, network configurations, users, directories, user settings, and the corresponding parameters. Here is a list of the necessary tools that will help us get the above information. Most of them are installed by default.
| Command | Description | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
whoami |
Displays current username. | |||||||||
id |
Returns users identity | |||||||||
hostname |
Sets or prints the name of current host system. | |||||||||
uname |
Prints basic information about the operating system name and system hardware. | |||||||||
pwd |
Returns working directory name. | |||||||||
ifconfig |
The ifconfig utility is used to assign or to view an address to a network interface and/or configure network interface parameters. | |||||||||
ip |
Ip is a utility to show or manipulate routing, network devices, interfaces and tunnels. | |||||||||
netstat |
Shows network status. | |||||||||
ss |
Another utility to investigate sockets. | |||||||||
ps |
Shows process status. | |||||||||
who |
Displays who is logged in. | |||||||||
env |
Prints environment or sets and executes command. | |||||||||
lsblk |
Lists block devices. | |||||||||
lsusb |
Lists USB devices | |||||||||
lsof |
Lists opened files. | |||||||||
lspci |
Lists PCI devices. |
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